{"id":13430,"date":"2023-06-21T17:17:48","date_gmt":"2023-06-21T09:17:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/?p=13430"},"modified":"2023-06-21T17:17:48","modified_gmt":"2023-06-21T09:17:48","slug":"openai%e8%a6%81%e4%b8%bagpt-4%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%a6%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e4%ba%86%ef%bc%9a%e5%a5%96%e5%8a%b1%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e6%8c%87%e9%94%99%ef%bc%8c%e8%a7%a3%e9%a2%98%e6%b0%b4%e5%b9%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/2023\/06\/21\/13430\/","title":{"rendered":"OpenAI\u8981\u4e3aGPT-4\u89e3\u51b3\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\uff1a\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u6307\u9519\uff0c\u89e3\u9898\u6c34\u5e73\u8fbe\u5230\u65b0\u9ad8\u5ea6"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote data-type=\"2\" data-url=\"\" data-author-name=\"\" data-content-utf8-length=\"33\" data-source-title=\"\">\n<section>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684 step-by-step \u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7ed9\u4e88\u5956\u52b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u6700\u540e\u7ed9\u4e88\u5355\u4e2a\u5956\u52b1\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5462\uff1fOpenAI \u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u300c\u65e0\u6240\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5728\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u591a\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e5f\u6709\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e7b\u89c9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u5e7b\u89c9\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5bf9\u9f50 AGI \u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff08ORMs\uff09\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u800c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff08PRMs\uff09\u5219\u63a5\u53d7\u601d\u7ef4\u94fe\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8003\u8651\u5230\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ef\u9760\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u5de5\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u4e0e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0cOpenAI \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8c03\u7814\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u51b3 MATH \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u4e8e\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u3002OpenAI \u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 PRM \u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86 MATH \u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5b50\u96c6\u7684 78% \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0cOpenAI \u8fd8\u5f00\u6e90\u4e86 PRM800K\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b 800K \u4e2a\u6b65\u7ea7\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder\" src=\"data:;base64,<?xml%20version='1.0'%20encoding='UTF-8'?><svg%20width='1px'%20height='1px'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%20version='1.1'%20xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg'%20xmlns:xlink='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink'><title><\/title><g%20stroke='none'%20stroke-width='1'%20fill='none'%20fill-rule='evenodd'%20fill-opacity='0'><g%20transform='translate(-249.000000\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\" data-ratio=\"0.4925925925925926\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/KmXPKA19gW8xUCJVwD77YyMFGHbuSacJn3CqyrbaWgLg6tM4SCnfHH7InWExJk3BuvibufUNdEIENUuXIrlUoqQ\/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1&amp;wx_co=1\" data-index=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u6b63\uff08True positive\uff09\u7684\u95ee\u7b54\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca OpenAI \u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\u793a\u4f8b\u5747\u6765\u81ea GPT-4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4e09\u89d2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u5e76\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\u5730\u8fde\u7eed\u5e94\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u6052\u7b49\u5f0f\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5c1d\u8bd5\u90fd\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f88\u96be\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e9b\u6052\u7b49\u5f0f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1 GPT-4 \u901a\u5e38\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u6b63\u786e\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a 0.1% \uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u6587\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13432\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-32.png\" width=\"870\" height=\"1280\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-32.png 870w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-32-204x300.png 204w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-32-696x1024.png 696w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-32-768x1130.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u6b63\uff08False positive\uff09\u7684\u95ee\u7b54\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0cGPT-4 \u9519\u8bef\u5730\u58f0\u79f0\u8be5\u5e8f\u5217\u6bcf 12 \u4e2a\u9879\u91cd\u590d\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u6bcf 10 \u4e2a\u9879\u91cd\u590d\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u6570\u9519\u8bef\u5076\u5c14\u4f1a\u611a\u5f04\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13433\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-33.png\" width=\"1069\" height=\"1280\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-33.png 1069w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-33-251x300.png 251w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-33-855x1024.png 855w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-33-768x920.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1069px) 100vw, 1069px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3001OpenAI Alignment \u56e2\u961f\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba Jan Leike \u8868\u793a\uff0c\u300c\u4f7f\u7528 LLM \u505a\u6570\u5b66\u9898\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u8da3\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff1a\u76d1\u7763\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u6bd4\u53ea\u68c0\u67e5\u7b54\u6848\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13434\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-34.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"693\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-34.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-34-300x193.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-34-1024x657.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-34-768x493.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u4f1f\u8fbe AI \u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6 Jim Fan \u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u300c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7ed9\u4e88\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u6700\u540e\u7ed9\u4e88\u5355\u4e2a\u5956\u52b1\u3002\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5bc6\u96c6\u5956\u52b1\u4fe1\u53f7\uff1e\u7a00\u758f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13435\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-35.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"361\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-35.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-35-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-35-1024x342.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-35-768x257.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7ec6\u770b OpenAI \u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13436\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-36.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"341\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-36.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-36-300x95.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-36-1024x323.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-36-768x242.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6982\u89c8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u6309\u7167\u4e0e Uesato et al. (2022) \u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u65e0\u9700\u4eba\u5de5\u5373\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a MATH \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4f9d\u9760\u4eba\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u6807\u8bb0\u8005\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u8bb0\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u751f\u6210\u6240\u6709\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0cOpenAI \u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60 (RL) \u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u751f\u6210\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u6709\u5927\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u5747\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e GPT-4 \u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u5f97\u6765\u7684\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6b65\u9aa4 \u2014\u2014 \u5728\u542b\u6709\u7ea6 1.5B \u6570\u5b66\u76f8\u5173 token \u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6 MathMix \u4e0a\u5fae\u8c03\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e0e Lewkowycz et al. (2022) \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cOpenAI \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u751f\u6210\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u89e3\u6790\u5355\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8bad\u7ec3\u751f\u6210\u5668\u5728\u751f\u6210\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0c\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u5206\u9694\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9 MATH \u8bad\u7ec3\u95ee\u9898\u4f7f\u7528\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u751f\u6210\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u51fa\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a epoch \u7684\u5fae\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u6536\u96c6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5411\u4eba\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u6807\u8bb0\u8005\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u6210\u5668\u91c7\u6837\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u6807\u8bb0\u8005\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u5206\u914d\u6b63\u9762\u3001\u8d1f\u9762\u6216\u4e2d\u6027\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe 1 \u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13437\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-37.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"552\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-37.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-37-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-37-1024x523.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-37-768x393.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u53ea\u6807\u8bb0\u5927\u578b\u751f\u6210\u5668\u751f\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u53d1\u6325\u6709\u9650\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u6570\u636e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u5c06\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u6309\u6b65\u9aa4\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u79f0\u4e3a PRM800K\u3002PRM800K \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u5305\u542b 800K \u6b65\u9aa4\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6 12K \u95ee\u9898\u7684 75K \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\uff0cPRM800K \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u5305\u542b\u6765\u81ea MATH \u7684 4.5K \u6d4b\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4ec5\u5728\u5269\u4f59\u7684 500 \u4e2a MATH \u6d4b\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b (ORM)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u6309\u7167\u4e0e Cobbe et al. (2021) \u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bad\u7ec3 ORM\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u91c7\u6837\u56fa\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bad\u7ec3 ORM \u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4e0e\u5426\u3002\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u67e5\u6700\u7ec8\u7b54\u6848\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u8bb0\u8005\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528 ORM \u5728\u6700\u7ec8 token \u5904\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u603b\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff08PRM\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PRM \u7528\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08step\uff09\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a token \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9884\u6d4b\u91c7\u7528\u5355\u4e2a token \u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 OpenAI \u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u6807 token \u7684\u5bf9\u6570\u4f3c\u7136\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cPRM \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b pipeline \u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4efb\u4f55\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe 2 \u4e3a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684 2 \u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u7eff\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u8868\u793a PRM \u5f97\u5206\u9ad8\uff0c\u7ea2\u8272\u80cc\u666f\u8868\u793a PRM \u5f97\u5206\u4f4e\u3002PRM \u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u9519\u8bef\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13438\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-38.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"782\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-38.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-38-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-38-1024x741.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-38-768x556.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u65f6\uff0cOpenAI \u6709\u610f\u9009\u62e9\u4ec5\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u63a5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u89e3\u9898\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u81f3\u5c11\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u8fd8\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u76d1\u7763\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>OpenAI \u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u6570\u636e\u96c6 PRM800K \u6765\u8bad\u7ec3 PRM\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f ORM \u57fa\u51c6\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\uff0cOpenAI \u8fd8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86 100 \u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6837\u672c\u5747\u6765\u81ea\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0c\u7531\u6b64 ORM \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e0e PRM800K \u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u53e0\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6295\u7968\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u65f6\uff0cPRM \u6bd4 ORM \u548c\u591a\u6570\u6295\u7968\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13441\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-40.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"874\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-40.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-40-300x243.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-40-1024x829.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-40-768x622.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7efc\u5408\u76d1\u7763<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f ORM \u548c PRM \u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u6bd4\u6027\uff0cPRM \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u7b54\u6848\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fd8\u6bd4 ORM \u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763 VS \u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148 OpenAI \u4ece\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u91c7\u6837 1 \u5230 200 \u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0cOpenAI \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u76d1\u7763\uff1a\u6765\u81ea PRM_large \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u6765\u81ea PRM_large \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u4ee5\u53ca\u6765\u81ea\u6700\u7ec8\u7b54\u6848\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe 4a \u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76d1\u7763\u660e\u663e\u4f18\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\uff1b\u56fe 4b \u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 PRM_large \u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u660e\u663e\u6bd4\u6700\u7ec8\u7b54\u6848\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76d1\u7763\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13443\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-41.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"609\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-41.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-41-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-41-1024x577.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-41-768x433.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>OOD \u6cdb\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5916\uff08OOD\uff09\u6cdb\u5316\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0cOpenAI \u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21 ORM \u548c PRM \u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 224 \u4e2a STEM \u95ee\u9898\u7ec4\u6210\u7684 held-out\uff08\u7559\u51fa\u6cd5\uff09\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u81ea\u6700\u65b0\u7684 AP \u7269\u7406\uff08\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u5148\u4fee\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u79f0 AP\uff09\u3001AP \u5fae\u79ef\u5206\u3001AP \u5316\u5b66\u3001AMC10\uff08\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6570\u5b66\u7ade\u8d5b\uff09\u548c AMC12 \u8003\u8bd5\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8868\u683c 1 \u4e2d\u62a5\u544a\u4e86 ORM\u3001PRM \u548c\u591a\u6570\u6295\u7968\u7684\u524d 100 \u4e2a\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u8868\u660e\uff0cPRM \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u4e8e ORM \u548c\u591a\u6570\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u610f\u5473\u7740 PRM \u5728\u65b0\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6027\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13444\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-42.png\" width=\"1080\" height=\"388\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-42.png 1080w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-42-300x108.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-42-1024x368.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/4ffce04d92a4d6cb21c1494cdfcd6dc1-42-768x276.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_13430\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"13430\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684 step-by-step \u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7ed9\u4e88\u5956\u52b1\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u6700\u540e\u7ed9\u4e88\u5355\u4e2a\u5956\u52b1\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5462\uff1fO [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_13430\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"13430\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":13432,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13430"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13430\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13445,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13430\/revisions\/13445"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13432"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}