{"id":15567,"date":"2023-10-19T19:13:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T11:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/?p=15567"},"modified":"2023-10-19T19:13:00","modified_gmt":"2023-10-19T11:13:00","slug":"1%e4%b8%aatoken%e7%bb%88%e7%bb%93llm%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e9%9a%be%e9%a2%98%ef%bc%81%e4%b9%9d%e5%a4%a7%e6%9c%ba%e6%9e%84%e8%81%94%e5%90%88%e5%8f%91%e5%b8%83xval%ef%bc%9a%e8%ae%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/2023\/10\/19\/15567\/","title":{"rendered":"1\u4e2atoken\u7ec8\u7ed3LLM\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u96be\u9898\uff01\u4e5d\u5927\u673a\u6784\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u5e03xVal\uff1a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u80fd\u9884\u6d4b\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-desc\">LLM\u7684\u6587\u79d1\u8111\u7ec8\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u5b57\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684[NUM]\u5373\u53ef\u8868\u5f81\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u6cdb\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u66f4\u5f3a\uff01<\/div>\n<div id=\"postspictures\" class=\"article-content\">\n<div id=\"container\" class=\"container am-engine\" data-v-0719ea8d=\"\" data-element=\"root\">\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u5927\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08LLM\uff09\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u591a\u4f4d\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u5185\u90e8\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7edf\u4e00\u4e14\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u5206\u8bcd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4LLM\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80e1\u7f16\u4e71\u9020\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524dLLM\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u963b\u788d\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u71a8\u6597\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08Flatiron Institute\uff09\u3001\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u3001\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7b49\u4e5d\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\u8054\u5408\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848xVal\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u4e2atoken\u5373\u53ef\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15568\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/5596d9446b3e5b4a44695229e68f100f9cfefd.png\" width=\"1064\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/5596d9446b3e5b4a44695229e68f100f9cfefd.png 1064w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/5596d9446b3e5b4a44695229e68f100f9cfefd-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/5596d9446b3e5b4a44695229e68f100f9cfefd-1024x551.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/5596d9446b3e5b4a44695229e68f100f9cfefd-768x414.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1064px) 100vw, 1064px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttps:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2310.02989.pdf<\/p>\n<p>xVal\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e13\u7528token\uff08[NUM]\uff09\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u6309\u6570\u503c\u7f29\u653e\u6765\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u6807\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\uff0c\u518d\u7ed3\u5408\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cxVal\u7b56\u7565\u6210\u529f\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6570\u5b57\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u8fde\u7eed\uff0c\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5408\u6210\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\uff0cxVal\u6bd4\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u8282\u7701token\uff0c\u8fd8\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u63d2\u503c\u6cdb\u5316\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u65b0\u7a81\u7834<\/h4>\n<p>\u6807\u51c6\u7684LLM\u5206\u8bcd\u65b9\u6848\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6570\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u6309\u7167\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee510\u4e3a\u57fa\u5e95\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6570\u5b57\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6709\u9650\u7684\u539f\u578b\u6570\u5b57\uff08prototype numerals\uff09\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u5b57embedding\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f59\u5f26\u8ddd\u79bb\u6765\u53cd\u6620\u6570\u5b57\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u6216\u5e73\u6ed1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u63d2\u503c\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5916\u6cdb\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u540e\uff0cLLM\u5728\u7f16\u7801\u548c\u89e3\u7801\u9636\u6bb5\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u79bb\u6563\u7684\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8fde\u7eed\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>xVal\u7684\u601d\u8def\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u503c\u5927\u5c0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e58\u6cd5\uff08multiplicatively\uff09\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u53ef\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u4e86Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>xVal\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e2atoken\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5177\u6709token\u6548\u7387\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u8bcd\u5178\u8db3\u8ff9\uff08vocabulary footprint\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u5408\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u63a8\u7406\u8303\u5f0f\uff0cTransformer\u6a21\u578b\u503c\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u65f6\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff08\u5e73\u6ed1\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u6216\u5e73\u6ed1\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5f52\u7eb3\u504f\u5dee\uff08inductive bias\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>xVal: \u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801<\/h4>\n<p>xVal\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684token\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u6cbf\u7740\u5d4c\u5165\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7279\u5b9a\u53ef\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5411\u5d4c\u5165\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15569\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a97a61017c1ba29edda1355c7b85fa6a53e3c5.png\" width=\"1056\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a97a61017c1ba29edda1355c7b85fa6a53e3c5.png 1056w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a97a61017c1ba29edda1355c7b85fa6a53e3c5-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a97a61017c1ba29edda1355c7b85fa6a53e3c5-1024x601.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a97a61017c1ba29edda1355c7b85fa6a53e3c5-768x451.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1056px) 100vw, 1056px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6570\u5b57\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a[NUM]\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\uff0c\u518d\u5c06[NUM]\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5176\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u503c\u76f8\u4e58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u906e\u7f69\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\uff08MLM\uff09\u548c\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\uff08AR\uff09\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\uff08Implicit normalization via layer-norm\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aTransformer\u5757\u4e2d\u7684xVal\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\u5d4c\u5165\uff08multiplicative embedding\uff09\u4e4b\u540e\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\uff08layer-norm\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2atoken\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5d4c\u5165\u4e0e[NUM]\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u4e0d\u5171\u7ebf\uff08collinear\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u6807\u91cf\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u91cd\u7f29\u653e\u51fd\u6570\uff08non-linear rescaling\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbeu\u4e3a[NUM]\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\uff0cp\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5d4c\u5165\uff0cx\u662f\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u6807\u91cf\u503c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ef\u4ee5\u5047\u5b9au \u00b7 p=0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u2225u\u2225 =\u2225p\u2225 = 1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15570\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/b430bf4081b823a744a436342efbc2e86c62d9.png\" width=\"311\" height=\"90\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/b430bf4081b823a744a436342efbc2e86c62d9.png 311w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/b430bf4081b823a744a436342efbc2e86c62d9-300x87.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 311px) 100vw, 311px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5373x\u7684\u503c\u88ab\u7f16\u7801\u4e3a\u4e0eu\u540c\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15571\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/d69c26493bcb7123b8c683fb08959412c991cd.png\" width=\"379\" height=\"396\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/d69c26493bcb7123b8c683fb08959412c991cd.png 379w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/d69c26493bcb7123b8c683fb08959412c991cd-287x300.png 287w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 379px) 100vw, 379px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u7279\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740xVal\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8303\u56f4\u66f4\u5c0f\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a[-5, 5]\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u524d\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6570\u503c\u63a8\u7406<\/h4>\n<p>xVal\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u503c\u4e2d\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b97\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u503c\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5219\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u4e0d\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u5c42\u5355\u72ec\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15572\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/a88b87552c287b9deeb6300b755c4fd965ae2f.png\" width=\"196\" height=\"275\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" title=\"\u56fe\u7247\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636eTransformer\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2atoken head\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868token\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3axVal\u4f7f\u7528[NUM]\u5bf9\u6570\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5head\u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6807\u91cf\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u65b0number head\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5747\u65b9\u8bef\u5dee\uff08MSE\uff09\u635f\u5931\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u4e0e[NUM]\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u540e\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u89c2\u5bdftoken head\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u751f\u6210\u7684token\u4e3a[NUM]\uff0c\u5219\u67e5\u770bnumber head\u6765\u586b\u5145\u8be5token\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eTransformer\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u63a8\u65ad\u6570\u503c\u65f6\u662f\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u63d2\u503c\u5230\u672a\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u503c\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90e8\u5206<\/h4>\n<p><strong>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5c06XVAL\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56db\u79cd\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u5904\u7406\u4e3a\u00b1ddd E\u00b1d\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6839\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u5355\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2atoken\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15573\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/7168f8841a7ea110c9b596418792712be53223.png\" width=\"1041\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/7168f8841a7ea110c9b596418792712be53223.png 1041w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/7168f8841a7ea110c9b596418792712be53223-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/7168f8841a7ea110c9b596418792712be53223-1024x214.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/7168f8841a7ea110c9b596418792712be53223-768x161.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684token\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u6570\u91cf\u90fd\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0cxVal\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u6548\u7387\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bcd\u6c47\u8868\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e5f\u6700\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u8fd8\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u5bf9xVal\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5408\u6210\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5168\u7403\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\u548c\u884c\u661f\u8f68\u9053\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6700\u5927\u7684LLM\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u300c\u591a\u4f4d\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\u300d\u4e5f\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u5177\u6311\u6218\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982GPT-4\u5728\u4e09\u4f4d\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u4ec5\u80fd\u8fbe\u523059%\u7684zero-shot\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff0c\u5728\u56db\u4f4d\u6570\u548c\u4e94\u4f4d\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u751a\u81f3\u53ea\u67094%\u548c0%<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15574\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/8430f7197ef2f9c082b11954e729aa309761a6.png\" width=\"1043\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/8430f7197ef2f9c082b11954e729aa309761a6.png 1043w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/8430f7197ef2f9c082b11954e729aa309761a6-300x91.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/8430f7197ef2f9c082b11954e729aa309761a6-1024x310.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/8430f7197ef2f9c082b11954e729aa309761a6-768x233.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1043px) 100vw, 1043px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u591a\u4f4d\u6570\u4e58\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7xVal\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u6bd4P10\u548cFP15\u6765\u8bf4\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u9884\u6d4b\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u4efb\u52a1\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u4e8c\u53c9\u6811\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u3001\u51cf\u6cd5\u548c\u4e58\u6cd5\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7ec4\u5408\u56fa\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff082\u30013\u62164\uff09\u6784\u9020\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u672f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982((1.32 * 32.1) + (1.42-8.20)) = 35.592<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u5f0f\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u7b49\u5f0f\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e3a\u63a9\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15575\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/075367a9371e5854337729dd3b51ec29937cb1.png\" width=\"1048\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/075367a9371e5854337729dd3b51ec29937cb1.png 1048w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/075367a9371e5854337729dd3b51ec29937cb1-300x86.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/075367a9371e5854337729dd3b51ec29937cb1-1024x292.png 1024w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/075367a9371e5854337729dd3b51ec29937cb1-768x219.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1048px) 100vw, 1048px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u770b\uff0cxVal\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u597d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5355\u9760\u7b97\u672f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e2d\u7684\u6837\u672c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u77ed\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5f62\u662f\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7a81\u7834LLMs\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0a\u7684\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6e29\u5ea6\u9884\u6d4b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528ERA5\u5168\u7403\u6c14\u5019\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u7528\u4f5c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u5730\u8868\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff08ERA5\u4e2d\u7684T2m\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5212\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5305\u62ec2-4\u5929\u7684\u5730\u8868\u6e29\u5ea6\u6570\u636e\uff08\u4e00\u5316\u540e\u5177\u6709\u5355\u4f4d\u65b9\u5dee\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6765\u81ea60-90\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u7ad9\u7684\u7eac\u5ea6\u548c\u7ecf\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u5750\u6807\u7684\u7eac\u5ea6\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u548c\u7ecf\u5ea6\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u548c\u4f59\u5f26\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf924\u5c0f\u65f6\u548c365\u5929\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15576\" src=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/267d76260337ad69e9e795adb308b7a9df45dc.png\" width=\"1001\" height=\"81\" srcset=\"https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/267d76260337ad69e9e795adb308b7a9df45dc.png 1001w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/267d76260337ad69e9e795adb308b7a9df45dc-300x24.png 300w, https:\/\/aiforumimage.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/267d76260337ad69e9e795adb308b7a9df45dc-768x62.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1001px) 100vw, 1001px\" 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