{"id":22756,"date":"2024-10-25T11:22:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-25T03:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/?p=22756"},"modified":"2024-10-25T11:25:38","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T03:25:38","slug":"%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88-cuda-%e5%af%b9%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e8%87%b3%e5%85%b3%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81-%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/2024\/10\/25\/22756\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 CUDA \u5bf9\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981 \uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7 CUDA\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u4e0e NVIDIA GPU \u6709\u5173\u3002\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9 CUDA \u7684\u786e\u5207\u542b\u4e49\u548c\u7528\u9014\u8fd8\u4e0d\u751a\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u7a76\u7adf\uff0cCUDA \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f<\/div>\n
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<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cCUDA \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff1f\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f \uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u4ece\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0cCUDA\uff08Compute Unified Device Architecture\uff09 \u662f\u7531 NVIDIA \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u53f0\u548c\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528 C\u3001C++\u3001Python \u7b49\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728 NVIDIA \u7684 GPU \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u3002CUDA\u00a0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3001\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba9 GPU \u52a0\u901f\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u6d89\u53ca \u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406 \u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0cCUDA \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a GPU \u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u6b64\u3002CUDA \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u5e93\uff08\u5982cuBLAS\u3001cuDNN\uff09\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08nvcc\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u786c\u4ef6\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684 \u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u5229\u7528 GPU \u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u52a0\u901f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\uff0cCUDA \u662f GPU \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cCUDA \u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08nvcc\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u7528 CUDA C\/C++ \u6216 CUDA Fortran \u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u5728 GPU \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a CUDA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5c06\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6620\u5c04\u5230 GPU \u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

CUDA \u662f\u8ba9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e GPU \u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u8c28\u614e\u89d2\u5ea6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u3002CUDA \u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5728 NVIDIA GPU\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u5982 NVIDIA \u7684\u663e\u5361\u9a71\u52a8\uff09\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c CUDA \u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\uff0c\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u5c42\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u5e76\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728 GPU \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136 CUDA \u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e NVIDIA \u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728 AI \u751f\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u5730\u4f4d \uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cAI \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u201c\u89c4\u5219\u9a71\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u4e13\u5bb6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e13\u5bb6\u624b\u5de5\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u3002\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u7206\u53d1\u6027\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u3001\u591a\u6837\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f \u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08CNN\uff09\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08RNN\uff09 \u548c \u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc\uff08GAN\uff09 \u7b49\u65b0\u578b\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728 \u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406 \u7b49\u611f\u77e5\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0cAI \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u5177\u5907\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u611f\u77e5\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u96be\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u672a\u6807\u8bb0\u3001\u590d\u6742\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u6b65\u63a5\u8fd1\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728 \u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210 \u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5353\u8d8a\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08CNN\uff09 \u901a\u8fc7\u5c42\u7ea7\u5b66\u4e60\u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u7269\u4f53\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u548c\u7eb9\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u6280\u672f\u5728\u533b\u7597\u5f71\u50cf\u5206\u6790\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u9012\u5f52\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08RNN\uff09\u548c Transformer \u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6587\u672c\u6458\u8981\u751f\u6210\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u6709\u4e86\u8d28\u7684\u98de\u8dc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u5927\u6570\u636e\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u6570\u4ebf\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982 GPT-4\u3001BERT \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7 \u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u53f0 \u548c \u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\uff08\u5982GPU\u3001TPU\uff09 \u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u4e86 \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027 \u548c \u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u5e94\u7528 \u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4ece \u7814\u53d1\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u843d\u5730\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u79d1\u6280\u5de8\u5934\u5229\u7528\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u63a8\u8350\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u3001Netflix \u7684\u63a8\u8350\u7b97\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u63a8\u9001\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u6548\u76ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u611f\u77e5\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd8\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u751f\u6210\u5f0f AI\u201d \u7684\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u6297\u7f51\u7edc\uff08GAN\uff09\u548c\u53d8\u5206\u81ea\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff08VAE\uff09 \u7b49\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\uff0cAI \u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u751a\u81f3\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u827a\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\u3001\u6e38\u620f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e \u7b49\u521b\u610f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3 AI \u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u524d\u6cbf AI \u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u3001\u63a8\u8350\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u884d\u751f\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u4f20\u7edfAI\u65b9\u6cd5\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86 AI \u6280\u672f\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u793e\u533a\u548c\u5e73\u53f0\u751f\u6001\uff08\u5982 TensorFlow\u3001PyTorch \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u5168\u7403 AI \u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u642d\u5efa\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u843d\u5730\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001CUDA \u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u901f\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60 \uff1f<\/h3>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u53f0\u548c\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff0cCUDA \u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5728 NVIDIA GPU \u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u901a\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 CPU \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cGPU\uff08\u56fe\u5f62\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff09\u64c5\u957f\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u3001\u5377\u79ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002CUDA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528 GPU \u5f3a\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u67b6\u6784\u7279\u6027\u548c\u901a\u7528 GPU \u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff0cCUDA \u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c42\u9762\u5bf9\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u884c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. \u52a0\u901f\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u6d89\u53ca\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u5404\u5c42\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u5219\u6d89\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u68af\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u7b97\u6cd5\u66f4\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u524d\u5411\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5728 GPU \u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7 CUDA \u5e76\u884c\u5316\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5982\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08CNN\uff09\u548c Transformer \u7f51\u7edc\uff0cCUDA \u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u52a0\u901f\u524d\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 CUDA \u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u4ece\u51e0\u5929\u7f29\u77ed\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u8fed\u4ee3\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u52a0\u901f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n

\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5982 ImageNet \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u5f80\u5f80\u975e\u5e38\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u751a\u81f3\u4e0a\u4ebf\u7684\u6837\u672c\u3002CUDA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7684 \u6570\u636e\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97 \u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a GPU \u6838\u5fc3\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u52a0\u5feb\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u7b49\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cCUDA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5377\u79ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0cGPU \u80fd\u591f\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5757\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e76\u884c\u5316\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6bcf\u4e2a GPU \u6838\u5fc3\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u52a0\u901f\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3<\/h4>\n

\u73b0\u4ee3\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5982 GPT-4\u3001BERT \u7b49\u5177\u6709\u6570\u4ebf\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u6781\u9ad8\u3002CUDA \u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5f20\u91cf\u6838\u5fc3\uff08Tensor Core\uff09\u548c\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8bad\u7ec3\uff08FP16\/FP32\uff09\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u964d\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8bad\u7ec3\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff08\u5982 FP16\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5e26\u5bbd\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u540c\u6837\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6279\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab NVIDIA Apex \u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001CUDA \u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0<\/h3>\n

\u901a\u5e38\u800c\u8a00\uff0cCUDA \u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n

1. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u5272\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002CUDA \u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u901f\u5377\u79ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 CNN \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5b8c\u6210\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 CUDA \u52a0\u901f\u7684\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u6ca1\u6709 GPU \u52a0\u901f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5929\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cCUDA \u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u89c6\u9891\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5e27\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4e3a \u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76 \u548c \u89c6\u9891\u76d1\u63a7 \u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u901f\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u611f\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5bf9\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5982 LSTM \u548c Transformer\uff0c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u3002CUDA \u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u50cf BERT \u548c GPT \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5904\u7406\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

CUDA \u8fd8\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 NLP \u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5ba2\u670d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 GPU \u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u63a7\u5236\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u73af\u5883\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u7b56\u3002CUDA \u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 CUDA \u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6 Q \u7f51\u7edc\uff08DQN\uff09\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5343\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001-\u52a8\u4f5c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\u52a0\u901f\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 Q \u503c\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6781\u4e3a\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 CPU \u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8f83\u4e3a\u660e\u663e\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u652f\u6301 CUDA \u7684 GPU \u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u6267\u884c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6ca1\u6709 GPU \u6280\u672f\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5927\u5e45\u5ef6\u957f\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5468\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u6708\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u9650\u5236\u521b\u65b0\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n

GPU \u7684\u5f15\u5165\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e0e CUDA \u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u7531\u4e8e CUDA \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u7528\u6846\u67b6\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u52a0\u901f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8ba1\u7b97\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u5305\u62ec Caffe2\u3001Keras\u3001MXNet\u3001PyTorch \u548c Torch \u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u9a7e\u9a76\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u6b63\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4ece\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u5230\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5982 Transformer \u548c GPT \u7b49\u5927\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\uff0cGPU \u7684\u52a0\u901f\u80fd\u529b\u53d8\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u7528 CUDA \u7684\u5e76\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u7f29\u77ed\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a\u66f4\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u90e8\u7f72\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86 AI \u6280\u672f\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u7a81\u7834\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u81ea\uff1a51CTO<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7 CUDA\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u4e0e NVIDIA GPU \u6709\u5173\u3002\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9 CUDA \u7684\u786e\u5207\u542b […]<\/p>\n

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