{"id":9692,"date":"2022-12-30T14:03:25","date_gmt":"2022-12-30T06:03:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/?p=9692"},"modified":"2022-12-30T14:03:25","modified_gmt":"2022-12-30T06:03:25","slug":"kubernetes-%e4%b8%8e-docker%ef%bc%9a%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82%e8%a7%a3%e9%87%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aif.amtbbs.org\/index.php\/2022\/12\/30\/9692\/","title":{"rendered":"Kubernetes \u4e0e Docker\uff1a\u5dee\u5f02\u89e3\u91ca"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e86\u89e3 Docker \u548c Kubernetes \u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0 Kubernetes \u548c Docker \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u60a8\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u4e0e Docker\uff1a\u5dee\u5f02\u89e3\u91ca<\/h4>\n

\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u5730\u88ab\u91c7\u7528\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6db5\u76d6\u4e24\u79cd\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/p>\n

Docker\uff0c\u5373\u5bb9\u5668\u5f15\u64ce\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848Docker Compose\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caDocker Swarm\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4-\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u96c6\u7fa4\u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e Docker Swarm \u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u7b26\u5408\u60a8\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u5316?<\/h4>\n

\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u62df\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3001\u5e93\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6253\u5305\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf(OS)\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u673a(VM)\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a(VM)\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\u522b\u865a\u62df\u5316\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136\u865a\u62df\u5316\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u7269\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u5bb9\u5668\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u6838\u3002\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5bb9\u5668\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u79d2\u949f\u624d\u80fd\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf(Windows\u3001Linux\u3001macOS)\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883(\u4e91\u3001VM\u3001\u7269\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668)\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

2013 \u5e74\uff0cDocker Inc. \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Docker\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5bb9\u5668\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8c37\u6b4c\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 Kubernetes \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5bb9\u5668\u4e3b\u673a\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c06\u663e\u793aKubernetes \u548c Docker \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fDocker ?<\/h4>\n

Docker \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u6253\u5305\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bb9\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u8de8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 Docker\uff0c\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u8fd9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ea4\u4ed8\u5230\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cDocker \u5f15\u64ce\u7ba1\u7406\u5bb9\u5668\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\uff0cDocker \u7531\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7ec4\u4ef6(Docker \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c Docker \u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b)\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b (Dockerd) \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406\u5176\u4ed6 Docker \u5bf9\u8c61(\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u5377\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u7b49)\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684 API \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

Docker Desktop \u662f Docker \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982 Docker Compose\u3001Docker CLI(\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762)\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff1aWindows\u3001Linux \u548c macOS\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u540c\u65f6\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0cDocker Inc. \u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 Docker Compose\u3002Docker vs Docker Compose \u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\uff1aDocker \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u800c Compose \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

Docker compose<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u590d\u6742\u4e14\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002Docker Compose \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u7f16\u6392\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 Compose \u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u591a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

Docker Compose \u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6240\u6709\u5bb9\u5668\u7684 YAML \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002Compose \u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u6784\u5efa\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u79f0\u4e3a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b50\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Compose \u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u6240\u6709\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

Docker swarm<\/h4>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e3a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u8de8\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u63d0\u4f9b\u7f16\u6392\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0cDocker Inc. \u63a8\u51fa\u4e86 Docker Swarm\u3002<\/p>\n

Docker Swarm \u6216 Swarm \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684 Docker \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b89\u88c5 Docker \u540e\u542f\u7528\u3002Swarm \u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf Compose \u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Kubernetes?<\/h4>\n

Kubernetes (K8s) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u6392\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002K8s \u5c06\u4e3b\u673a\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u672c\u5730\u3001\u4e91\u7aef\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e Docker \u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5bb9\u5668\u5e73\u53f0\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u8c37\u6b4c\u6700\u521d\u5f00\u53d1\u5e76\u5f15\u5165\u4e86 Kubernetes \u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002K8s \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u652f\u6301\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bb9\u5668\u5bb9\u9519\u3001\u8de8\u4e3b\u673a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u4e00\u53f0\u6216\u591a\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b Kubernetes \u7684\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u5305\u542b\u975e\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u7ec4\u4ef6(Kubelet \u548c Kube-proxy)\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u81f3\u5c11\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u56db\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\uff1a\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u60a8\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u7ec4\u4ef6(\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9)<\/h4>\n

\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bb9\u5668\u3002master \u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u96c6\u7fa4\u3002\u5b83\u54cd\u5e94\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u96c6\u7fa4\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u8c03\u5ea6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 Pod(\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u662f Kubernetes \u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5355\u5143)\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

Apiserver \u662f\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u5b83\u5411\u5176\u4ed6 Kubernetes \u7ec4\u4ef6\u516c\u5f00 API\u3002\u5b83\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

Etcd \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u96c6\u7fa4\u952e\/\u503c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u4efd etcd \u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

Kube scheduler \u8d1f\u8d23\u4e3a\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684 Pod \u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

Kube \u63a7\u5236\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7 apiserver \u76d1\u89c6\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u5c06\u5176\u66f4\u6539\u56de\u6240\u9700\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5e10\u6237\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u7b49\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e91\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e0e\u4e91\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7684 API \u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u4e0e\u4e91\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u4e0e\u5185\u90e8\u96c6\u7fa4\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8282\u70b9\u7ec4\u4ef6(\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9)<\/h4>\n

\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u975e\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1akubelet \u548c kube-proxy\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u50cf Docker \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubelet \u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a Pod \u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u7ba1\u7406\u7531 Kubernetes \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

Kube-proxy \u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee3\u7406\uff0c\u662f Kubernetes \u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8 Pod \u4e0e\u96c6\u7fa4\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u903b\u8f91 Pod\u3002\u4e0e Pod \u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u5220\u9664 Pod \u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5176\u4ed6 Pod \u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0e\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4 Pod \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u6839\u636e\u6807\u7b7e\u8fc7\u6ee4 Pod \u6765\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6807\u7b7e\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u952e\/\u503c\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u7ed9 Pod\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6807\u7b7e\u5141\u8bb8\u6839\u636e\u516c\u5171\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u8be2\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u4e0e Docker Swarm\uff1a\u54ea\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d?<\/h4>\n

Kubernetes \u548c Docker \u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u4e92\u8865\u5145\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cDocker \u4e0e Kubernetes \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002Docker \u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6253\u5305\u5728\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bb9\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Compose \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002\u4f46\u662f Docker Compose \u4e0e Kubernetes \u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002Compose \u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u800c Kubernetes \u7684\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u4e3b\u673a\u6570\u91cf\u53d8\u591a\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Swarm \u6216 Kubernetes \u7f16\u6392 Docker \u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002Kubernetes \u548c Docker Swarm \u90fd\u662f\u96c6\u7fa4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u7f16\u6392\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u5728\u5927\u578b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6bd4 Swarm \u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6c38\u8fdc\u5728\u7ebf\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u548c\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u5c06\u7a81\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u4f7f K8s \u6210\u4e3a\u503c\u5f97\u8003\u8651\u7684\u66f4\u5065\u58ee\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n

Swarm \u5df2\u7ecf\u5305\u542b\u5728 Docker \u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b Docker CLI(\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762)\u6807\u51c6\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u542f\u7528 Swarm\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0cKubernetes \u90e8\u7f72\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u7684\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u547d\u4ee4\u624d\u80fd\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528 Kubernetes \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u7f72\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u96c6\u7fa4\u8282\u70b9\u5e94\u8be5\u5728 Kubernetes \u4e2d\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b9a\u4e49 master\u3001controller\u3001scheduler \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aKubernetes \u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 Kubernetes \u5373\u670d\u52a1 (KaaS) \u6765\u514b\u670d\u3002\u5404\u5927\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9bKaas;\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u8c37\u6b4c\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0 (GCP) \u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8c37\u6b4c Kubernetes \u5f15\u64ce (GKE) \u548c\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u5f39\u6027 Kubernetes \u670d\u52a1 (EKS)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/h4>\n

\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Swarm \u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 Kubernetes \u5219\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

Swarm \u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Docker API \u4ee5\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6309\u9700\u6269\u5c55\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cKubernetes \u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u7f29\u653e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u4e00\u7684 API\uff0c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h4>\n

Swarm \u5177\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u81ea\u52a8\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5bf9\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u3002Swarm \u4f7f\u7528 DNS \u6765\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u65e0\u9700\u5728 Swarm \u4e2d\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e94\u624b\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e Kubernetes \u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u60a8\u5e94\u8be5\u5728 Pod \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u56e0\u6b64 Pod \u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u3002Kubernetes \u4f7f\u7528 Ingress \u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee Kubernetes \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/h4>\n

\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u672c\u8eab\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

swarm \u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u76d1\u89c6\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u4fee\u590d\u5b9e\u9645\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u6240\u9700\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u8282\u70b9\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6\uff0c\u7fa4\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u8fd8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u6545\u969c\u8282\u70b9\u5e76\u65e0\u7f1d\u6545\u969c\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76d1\u63a7<\/h4>\n

Swarm \u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 Reimann \u6216 Elasticsearch\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca Kibana (ELK)\u3002<\/p>\n

Kubernetes \u5185\u7f6e\u4e86 ELK \u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u539f\u751f\u76d1\u63a7\u96c6\u7fa4\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u4e9b\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u8282\u70b9\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u3001Pod \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n

Docker \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u5316\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Windows\u3001Linux \u6216 macOS \u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Desktop \u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5e76\u5305\u62ec\u5176\u4ed6\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982 Compose \u548c Swarm\u3002\u5f53\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Docker Compose \u8f7b\u677e\u7ba1\u7406\u540c\u4e00\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4e86\u89e3 Docker \u548c Kubernetes \u5bb9\u5668\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u73b0 Kubernetes \u548c Docker \u4e4b […]<\/p>\n

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